Dogs have been selectively bred for thousands of years, sometimes by inbreeding dogs from the same ancestral lines, sometimes by mixing dogs from very different lines. The process continues today, resulting in a wide variety of breeds, hybrids, and types of dog. Centuries of selective breeding by humans has resulted in dogs being more genetically diverse than most other mammals by a considerable margin. As such, dogs are the only animal with such a wide variation in appearance without speciation, "from the Chihuahua to the Great Dane".
The following list uses a wide interpretation of "breed". Breeds are usually categorized by the functional type from which the breed was developed. The basic types are companion dogs, guard dogs, hunting dogs, herding dogs, and working dogs, although there are many other types and subtypes. Breeds listed here may be traditional breeds with long histories as registered breeds, rare breeds with their own registries, or new breeds that may still be under development.
In some cases, a breed's origin overlaps the boundaries of two or more countries; the dog is normally listed only in the country with which it is most commonly associated (for example, by its designated country according to the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI). Some dogs, such as the Löwchen, have an uncertain origin and are listed under several countries.
List with Classification and Standards[]
| Breed | Origin | Fédération Cynologique Internationale | American Kennel Club | Australian National Kennel Council | Canadian Kennel Club | The Kennel Club | New Zealand Kennel Club | United Kennel Club | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| †Abyssinian Sand Terrier | Africa | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |  |
| Akbash | Turkey | Group 02
Section 02 #331 |
Working Group | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Guardian Dog |  |
| Alano Español | Spain | Group 02
Section 02 |
N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |  |
| †Alpine Mastiff | Switzerland | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| †Alpine Spaniel | Switzerland | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| American Bulldog | United States | Group 02
Section 02 |
FSS | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Guardian Dog |   |
| Australian Cattle Dog | Australia | Group 01 Section 02 #287 | Herding Group | Group 05 (Working Dogs) | Group 07 - (Herding Dogs) | Pastoral | Working | Herding Dog |   |
| Australian Kelpie | Australia | Group 01 Section 01 #293 | FSS | Group 05 (Working Dogs) | Group 07 - (Herding Dogs) | N/A | Working | Herding Dog |   |
| Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog | Australia | Group 01 Section 02 #351 | FSS | Group 05 - (Working dogs) | Group 07 - (Herding Dogs) | N/A | Working | Herding Dog |   |
| Austrian Black and Tan Hound | Austria | Group 06 Section 01 #063 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Scenthound |   |
| Austrian Pinscher | Austria | Group 02 Section 01 #064 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Terrier |   |
| Azawakh | Mali | Group 10 Section 03 #307 | Hound Group | Hound | N/A | Hound | N/A | Sighthound and Pariah |   |
| Basenji | Democratic Republic of the Congo | Group 05 Section 06 #043 | Hound Group | Group 04 (Hounds) | Group 02 - Hounds | Hound | Hound | Sighthound and Pariah |   |
| Basque Shepherd Dog | Spain | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
| Basset Hound | England | Group 06 Section 01 #163 | Hound Group | Group 4 (Hounds) | Group 02 - Hounds | Hound | Hound | Scenthound |   |
| Beagle | England | Group 06 Section 01 #161 | Hound Group | Group 04 (Hounds) | Group 02 – Hounds | Hound | Hound | Scenthound |   |
| Billy | France | Group 06 Section 01 #025 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Scenthound |   |
| Bloodhound | Belgium, France | Group 06 Section 01 #084 | Hound Group | Group 04 (Hounds) | Group 02 - Hounds | Hound | Hound | Scenthound |   |
| Blue Lacy | United States | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
| †Blue Paul Terrier | Scotland, possibly England and Wales | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| Border Collie | United Kingdom (Scotland, England, Wales) | Group 01 Section 01 #297 | Herding Group | Group 05 (Working Dogs) | Group 07 - Herding | Pastoral | Working | Herding Dog |   |
| Border Terrier | United Kingdom (Scotland, England) | Group 03 Section 01 #010 | Terrier | Group 02 (Terriers) | Group 04 - Terriers | Terrier | Terrier | Terrier |   |
| Boston Terrier | United States | Group 09 Section 11 #140 | Non-Sporting Group | Group 07 (Non-Sporting) | Group 06 - Non-Sporting | Utility | Non Sporting | Companion Dog |   |
| Boxer | Germany | Group 02 Section 02 #144 | Working Group | Group 06 (Utility) | Group 03 - Working | Working | Utility | Guardian Dog |   |
| Boykin Spaniel | United States | N/A | Sporting Group | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Gun Dog |   |
| †Braque du Puy | France | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| Brazilian Dogo | Brazil | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Brazilian Terrier | Brazil | Group 03 Section 01 #341 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
| Bulldog | United Kingdom (England) | Group 02 Section 02 #149 | Non-Sporting Group | Group 07 (Non-Sporting) | Group 06 - (Non-sporting) | Utility | Non Sporting | Companion Dog |   |
| †Bullenbeisser | Germany | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| Chinese Chongqing Dog | China | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
| Chinese Crested Dog | China | Group 09 Section 04 #288 | Toy Group | Group 01 (Toys) | Group 05 — Toys | Toy | Toy | Companion Dog |   |
| Chinese Imperial Dog | China | Group 09
Section 05 |
Toy Group | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
| Chow Chow | China | Group 05 Section 05 #205 | Non-Sporting Group | Group 07 (Non-sporting) | Group 06 Non-sporting | Utility | Non Sporting | Northern Breed |   |
| †Cordoba Fighting Dog | Córdoba, Argentina | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| Cursinu | Corsica (France) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
| Czechoslovakian Wolfdog | Czechoslovakia | Group 01 Section 01 #332 | FSS | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
| Dachshund | Germany | Group 04 Section 01 #148 | Hound Group | Group 04 (Hounds) | N/A | N/A | Hound | Scenthound |   |
| Dalmatian | Croatia | Group 06 Section 03 #153 | Non-Sporting Group | Group 07 (Non-Sporting) | Group 06 (Non-Sporting) | Utility | Non Sporting | Companion Dog |   |
| Dogo Argentino | Argentina | Group 02 Section 02 #292 | Working Group | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Guardian Dog |   |
| †Dogo Cubano | Cuba | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | |
| Dogue de Bordeaux | France | Group 02 Section 02 #116 | Working Group | Group 6 (Utility) | N/A | Working | Utility | Guardian Dog |   |
| †English Water Spaniel | United Kingdom | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| French Bulldog | United Kingdom (England), France | Group 09 Section 11 #101 | Non-Sporting Group | Group 07 (Non-Sporting) | Group 06 - Non-Sporting | Utility | Non Sporting | Companion Dog |   |
| French Spaniel | France | Group 07 Section 01 #175 | FSS | N/A | Group 01 (Sporting) | N/A | N/A | Gun Dog |   |
| German Shepherd | Germany | Group 01 Section 01 #166 | Herding Group | Group 05 (Working Dogs) | Group 07 - Herding Dogs | Pastoral | Working | Herding Dog |   |
| Golden Retriever | Scotland (United Kingdom) | Group 08 Section 01 #111 | Sporting Group | Group 03 (Gundogs) | Group 01 - Sporting Dogs | Sporting Dog | Gun Dogs | Gun Dog |   |
| Great Dane | Germany | Group 02 Section 02 #235 | Working Group | N/A | N/A | Working | Non Sporting | Guardian Dog |   |
| †Hawaiian Poi Dog | Hawaii (United States) | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| Japanese Chin | Japan | Group 09 Section 08 #206 | Toy Group | Group 01 (Toys) | Group 05 (Toys) | Toy | Toy | Companion Dog |   |
| Japanese Terrier | Japan | Group 03 Section 02 #259 | FSS | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
| Kaikadi | India | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| Kai Ken | Japan | Group 05 Section 05 #317 | Miscellaneous Class | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Northern Breed |   |
| Kuvasz | Hungary | Group 01 Section 01 #054 | Working Group | Group 05 (Working Dogs) | Group 03 - Working Dogs | Pastoral | Working | Guardian Dog |   |
| Labrador Husky | Canada | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
| Labrador Retriever | Canada | Group 08 Section 01 #122 | Sporting Group | Group 03 (Gun dogs) | Group 01 — Sporting Dogs | Gun Dog | Gun Dog | Gun Dog |   |
| Lagotto Romagnolo | Italy | Group 08 Section 03 #298 | Sporting Group | N/A | Group 03 Gundogs | Gun Dogs | Gun Dogs | Gun Dog |   |
| Magyar Agár | Hungary, Transylvania | Group 10
Section 03 #240 |
N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
| Miniature Schnauzer | Germany | Group 02 Section 01 #183 | Terrier Group | Group 06 (Utility) | Group 04 - Terriers | Utility | Utility | Terrier |   |
| †Molossus | Greece | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| Pekingese | China | Group 09 Section 07 #207 | Toy Group | Group 01 (Toys) | Group 05- Toys | Toy | Toy | Companion Dog |   |
| Pug | China | Group 09 Section 11 #253 | Toy Group | Group 01 (Toys) | Group 05- Toys | Toy | Toy | Companion Dog |   |
| Puli | Hungary | Group 01 Section 01 #055 | Herding Group | Group 05 (Working) | Group 07 - Herding Dogs | Pastoral | Working | Herding Dog |   |
| †Salish Wool Dog | Washington State and British Columbia | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| Shiba Inu | Japan | Group 05 Section 05 #257 | Non-Sporting Group | Group 6 (Utility) | Group 6 - Non-Sporting | Utility | Utility | Northern Breed |   |
| Shih Tzu | China | Group 09 Section 05 #208 | Toy Group | Group 7 - (Non-Sporting | Group 6 - Non-Sportings | UtilityBritain | Non Sporting | Companion Dog |   |
| †Southern Hound | Britain | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| Swedish Lapphund | Sweden | Group 05 Section 03 #135 | FSS | N/A | N/A | N/A | Working | N/A |   |
| †Tahltan Bear Dog | Canada | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| †Talbot | United Kingdom, Belgium, France | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | |
| Tosa | Japan | Group 02 Section 02 #260 | FSS | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Guarding Dog |   |
| †Toy Bulldog | England | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| †Toy Trawler Spaniel | United Kingdom | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct | Extinct |   |
| Villanuco de Las Encartaciones | Spain | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |   |
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